تجميعات فارما

تجميعات فارما
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دي شوية تجميعات فارما

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Beta blockers: members
"The NEPAL Prime Minister":
Timolol
Nadolol
Esmolol
Pindolol
Atenolol
Labetalol
Propranolol
Metoprolol

Beta-blockers: main contraindications, cautions
ABCDE:
Asthma
Block (heart block)
COPD
Diabetes mellitus
Electrolyte (hyperkalemia)

Beta-blockers: nonselective beta-blockers
"Tim Pinches His Nasal Problem" (because he has a runny nose...):
Timolol
Pindolol
Hismolol
Naldolol
Propranolol

pinch معناها قرص.. يعني قرص مناخيره عشان كان عنده برد.. دة معنى الجملة

Beta-blockers: side effects
"BBC Loses Viewers In Rochedale":
Bradycardia
Bronchoconstriction
Claudication
Lipids
Vivid dreams & nightmares
-ve Inotropic action
Reduced sensitivity to hypoglycaemia

Ca++ channel blockers: uses
CA++ MASH:
Cerebral vasospasm/ CHF
Angina
Migranes
Atrial flutter, fibrillation
Supraventricular tachycardia
Hypertension
_ Alternatively: "CHASM":
Cererbral vasospasm / CHF
Hypertension
Angina
Suprventricular tachyarrhythmia
Migranes

Captopril (an ACE inhibitor): side effects
CAPTOPRIL:
Cough
Angioedema/ Agranulocystosis
Proteinuria/ Potassium excess
Taste changes
Orthostatic hypotension
Pregnancy contraindication/ Pancreatitis/ Pressure drop (first dose hypertension)
Renal failure (and renal artery stenosis contraindication)/ Rash
Indomethacin inhibition
Leukopenia/ Liver toxicity
Clopidogrel: use
CLOPIdogrel is a drug that prevents
CLots, an Oral Platelet Inhibitor (OPI).
Enoxaprin (prototype low molecular weight heparin): action, monitoring
EnoXaprin only acts on factor Xa.
Monitor Xa concentration, rather than APTT.
HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins): side effects, contraindications, interactions
HMG-CoA:
_ Side effects:
Hepatotoxicity
Myositis [aka rhabdomyolysis]
_ Contraindications:
Girl during pregnancy/ Growing children
_ Interactions:
Coumarin/ Cyclosporine
Hypertension: treatment
ABCD:
ACE inhibitors/ AngII antagonists (sometimes Alpha agonists also)
Beta blockers
Calcium antagonists
Diuretics
Patent ductus arteriosus: treatment
"Come In and Close the door":
INdomethacin is used to Close PDA


Thrombolytic agents
USA:
Urokinase
Streptokinase
Alteplase (tPA)
Warfarin: action, monitoring
WePT:
Warfarin works on the extrinsic pathway and is monitored by PT.
Warfarin: metabolism
SLOW:
_ Has a slow onset of action.
_ A quicK Vitamin K antagonist, though.
Small lipid-soluble molecule
Liver: site of action
Oral route of administration.
Warfarin

Gynaecomastia-causing drugs
DISCOS:
Digoxin
Isoniazid
Spironolactone
Cimetidine
Oestrogens
Stilboestrol

K+ increasing agents
K-BANK:
K-sparing diuretic
Beta blocker
ACEI
NSAID
K supplement

Diuretics: thiazides: indications
"CHIC to use thiazides":
CHF
Hypertension
Insipidous
Calcium calculi

Osmotic diuretics: members
GUM:
Glycerol
Urea
Mannitol

Aspirin: side effects
ASPIRIN:
Asthma
Salicyalism
Peptic ulcer disease/ Phosphorylation-oxidation uncoupling/ PPH/ Platelet disaggregation/ Premature closure of PDA
Intestinal blood loss
Reye's syndrome
Idiosyncracy
Noise (tinnitus)
Atropine use: tachycardia or bradycardia
"A goes with B":
Atropine used clinically to treat Bradycardia

Beta 1 selective blockers
"BEAM ONE up, Scotty":
Beta 1 blockers:
Esmolol
Atenolol
Metropolol

Ipratropium: action
Atropine is buried in the middle: iprAtropium, so it behaves like Atropine


Methyldopa: side effects
METHYLDOPA:
Mental retardation
Electrolyte imbalance
Tolerance
Headache/ Hepatotoxicity
psYcological upset
Lactation in female
Dry mouth
Oedema
Parkinsonism
Anaemia (haemolytic)

Migraine: prophylaxis drugs
"Very Volatile Pharmacotherapeutic Agents For Migraine Prophylaxis":
Verpamil
Valproic acid
Pizotifen
Amitriptyline
Flunarizine
Methysergide
Propranolol

Myasthenia gravis: edrophonium vs. pyridostigmine
eDrophonium is for Diagnosis.
pyRIDostigmine is to get RID of symptoms.
Nicotinic effects
MTWTF (days of week):
Mydriasis/ Muscle cramps
Tachycardia
Weakness
Twitching
Hypertension/ Hyperglycemia
Fasiculation
Physostigmine vs. neostigmine
LMNOP:
Lipid soluble
Miotic
Natural
Orally absorbed well
Physostigmine
_ Neostigmine, on the contrary, is:
Water soluble
Used in myesthenia gravis
Synthetic
Poor oral absorption
Pupils in overdose: morphine vs. amphetamine
"MorPHINE: Fine. AmPHETamine: Fat":
Morphine overdose: pupils constricted (fine).
Amphetamine overdose: pupils dilated (fat).
Reserpine action [
Reserpine depletes the Reserves of catecholamines [and serotonin].
Metabolism enzyme inducers
"Randy's Black Car Goes Putt Putt and Smokes":
Rifampin
Barbiturates
Carbamazepine
Grisoefulvin
Phenytoin
Phenobarb
Smoking cigarettes
Zero order kinetics drugs (most common ones)
"PEAZ (sounds like pees) out a constant amount":
Phenytoin
Ethanol
Aspirin
Zero order
_ Someone that pees out a constant amount describes zero order kinetics (always the same amount out)
Asthma drugs: leukotriene inhibitor action
zAfirlukast: Antagonist of lipoxygenase
zIlueton: Inhibitor of LT receptor
Beta-1 vs Beta-2 receptor location
"You have 1 heart and 2 lungs":
Beta-1 are therefore primarily on heart.
Beta-2 primarily on lungs.
Antirheumatic agents (disease modifying): members
CHAMP:
Cyclophosphamide
Hydroxycloroquine and choloroquinine
Auranofin and other gold compounds
Methotrexate
Penicillamine

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